HINA - Yossi Gevir: Croatia becoming world leader in Holocaust remembrance

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HINA - Yossi Gevir: Croatia becoming world leader in Holocaust remembrance

ZAGREB, 4 Feb (Hina)- All Croatians have a responsibility to deal with their history, which also includes the Ustasha regime, and since Croatia will soon become the world leader in Holocaust remembrance, that is a huge responsibility as well as an opportunity for the country, Yossi Gevir, Director for External Affairs at Yad Vashem, has told Hina.
On 1 March Croatia takes over from Sweden the chairmanship of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA).
Croatia's becoming the world leader in Holocaust remembrance by taking over IHRA presidency is a huge responsibility as well as a great opportunity for the country, said Gevir, who is also the co-head of the Israeli Delegation to the IHRA.
Six million Jews were killed in the Holocaust, including 1.5 million children. Every year, another IHRA member-country chairs the organisation dedicated to preserving the memory of the Holocaust in the global consciousness and working on the prevention of Holocaust denial and distortion of facts about its horrors.
Croatia joined the IHRA in 2005, seven years after the organisation was established.
Being not only a member but also chairing the organisation is significant, Gevir said in his capacity as the co-chair of the Israeli Delegation to the IHRA.
According to Gevir, not all member countries get to chair the IHRA because not all view themselves as appropriate and not all are viewed by other member countries as appropriate for that role.
"It is hard to reach a consensus amongst 35 nations... and there was consensus about the Croatian presidency," he said.
Gevir recalled that he visited Zagreb to discuss with Croatia's leadership plans for the country's IHRA presidency.
The decision to take over IHRA presidency was very courageous and responsible because I think that the Croatian leadership knows very well what the expectations are, Gevir said, noting that he was very happy Croatia's leadership was not surprised by those expectations.
Croatia will organise two plenary sessions of the IHRA, one in Dubrovnik in June, and the other in Zagreb in November.
It is relatively rare that IHRA presidency is taken over by a country with the Communist past, he noted, adding that under Communism much of the Holocaust was purposely forgotten or distorted.
"That's not to say that the Soviet and Communist countries denied totally that there was the Holocaust of the Jews but for many decades they did not present the full story," he said.
Criminal Ustasha regime
The Holocaust here was conducted between 1941 and 1945 by the Independent State of Croatia and the Ustasha regime led by Ante Pavelić.
Gevir stressed that the Ustasha regime was a criminal regime in many ways, but that he could speak only about one - the treatment of the Jewish minority.
It was a horrible, atrocious multi-year policy and had they not been defeated, they would have continued, he said.
In two large deportations, in August 1942 and May 1943, the Ustasha and Nazis deported more than 6,500 Croatian Jews to Auschwitz, and Croatia had its own death camp, Jasenovac.
Around 30,000 Croatian Jews were killed during the Holocaust, which is 80% of the local Jewish community.
One should study and accept it. All Croatians have a responsibility to deal with their history, and that history includes the Ustasha regime, Gevir said.
"The Ustasha regime did not, fortunately, represent all Croatians, in fact, many... Croatians fought against it... many more were quiet but opposed it" and there were also those who wanted to help Jews and other minorities persecuted by the Ustasha regime, he said, stressing that all Croatians should keep the memory of the Holocaust and do it in an appropriate and correct way.
Learning about Holocaust
Denial, distortion and the incorrect use of the term Holocaust are the problems people in charge of Holocaust remembrance deal with.
When Putin says that he fights for the denazification of Ukraine, that's immoral. It is not only historically incorrect but also abuses the Holocaust remembrance, Gevir said.
But to liken Putin to Hitler, even though we can say that he did and is doing very evil things, is also a distortion of the Holocaust, he said.
Holocaust remembrance is a universal human responsibility and citizens should learn about the Holocaust from professionals - historians and similar professions, he said.
Gevir noted that Croatia was among the first European countries to send its teachers to Yad Vashem. Hundreds have already taken part in seminars in what is probably the world's most important institution for Holocaust remembrance, research and education.
The approach to learning about the Holocaust has changed over the years - countries should learn from one another, one should bear in mind the unique circumstances in each country, and testimonies by the Holocaust survivors have an important role in the Holocaust education, Gevir said.
One should talk with the survivors while they are with us, and unfortunately, there are fewer and fewer of them, he said.
Today the largest number of Holocaust survivors live in Israel, more than 150,000. A fifth of them are over 90 years old and 1,100 are over 100 years old.
During WWII, Nazi Germany occupied most of Europe and Northern Africa, and the Holocaust did not happen only in Eastern and Central Europe, it also happened in Western Europe and Northern Africa, which many do not know or forget, Gevir said.
Arab countries are yet to learn about it. The United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan established diplomatic relations with Israel through US mediation in 2020.
The United Arab Emirates said in January Holocaust education would be introduced in its schools, and the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) said in 2022 that primary-school pupils in Morocco learn from textbooks about Judaism and the positive character of the Jewish-Muslim neighbourly relations.
Gevir said they were very encouraged by that, but also very cautious considering the different historical, cultural and religious heritage.

Agency : HINA
Date : 2023-02-06 11:55:00

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